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1.
Hist. ciênc. saúde-Manguinhos ; 24(4): 897-912, out.-dez. 2017.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-892556

ABSTRACT

Resumo Um dos maiores desafios enfrentados pelos colonizadores europeus, na América portuguesa quinhentista, foi a adaptação ao novo ambiente, sobretudo, aos obstáculos nutricionais. Prover-se das calorias exigidas diariamente pelo corpo humano pode ter sido uma das tarefas mais extenuantes da dinâmica colonial. A alimentação era feita de acordo com a disponibilidade dos gêneros alimentícios ali existentes. Nesse contexto, os frutos nativos assumiram um papel importante na dieta alimentar daqueles homens, principalmente quando consumidos em forma de compotas e conservas. Temos, como objetivo, destacar a importância dos doces coloniais, bem como identificar de que maneira o seu consumo ocorria, sinalizando a relação dessa atividade com o discurso médico difundido na Europa do século XVI.


Abstract One of the major challenges the European colonizers faced in sixteenth-century Portuguese America was adaptation to their new environment, especially nutritional obstacles. Obtaining the human body's daily calorie requirements may have been one of the more strenuous tasks in colonial dynamics. Their diets were composed of what was available; in this context, native fruits took on an important role, especially when consumed in the form of compotes and preserves. Our goal is to highlight the importance of colonial sweets, identify how they were consumed, and show the relationship between this activity and the medical discourse which was present in sixteenth-century Europe.


Subject(s)
Humans , History, 16th Century , Fruits in Syrup , Nutritional Sciences , History, 16th Century
2.
Hist. ciênc. saúde-Manguinhos ; 21(4): 1215-1234, Oct-Dec/2014.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-732522

ABSTRACT

Por meio da análise de obras acadêmicas produzidas por filósofos naturais no século XVIII, pretendemos discutir algumas ideias recorrentes acerca da Grande Cadeia do Ser. Para tal, analisamos as relações entre filosofia e teologia natural no período. Reavaliamos ainda alguns elementos da Cadeia do Ser, investigando autores que discorreram sobre o tema em seus escritos. Por fim, elencamos um ponto específico das discussões setecentistas sobre a scala naturae, qual seja, as diversas e nem sempre convergentes ideias de que, a partir de características específicas, haveria diferenças entre os homens, bem como seu consequente lugar na Cadeia do Ser.


This examination of academic works produced by eighteenth-century natural philosophers discusses some recurring ideas about the Chain of Being. To this end, the article analyzes the relations between natural philosophy and theology during the period. It also re-evaluates some elements of the Chain of Being through an exploration of authors who addressed the topic in their writings. Lastly, it identifies a specific element within eighteenth-century discussions of scala naturae, to wit, the various and not always convergent ideas about whether there are differences between humans based on specific characteristics and, consequently, about the places they occupy in the chain of being.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Hyperlipidemias/blood , Ubiquinone/analogs & derivatives , Alcohol Drinking/adverse effects , Amidines/pharmacology , Antidotes/metabolism , Body Mass Index , Coronary Disease/blood , Hypertension/blood , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Lipoxygenase/pharmacology , Liver Diseases/blood , Oxidation-Reduction/drug effects , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Oxidative Stress/physiology , Regression Analysis , Risk Factors , Spectrophotometry , Smoking/adverse effects , Triglycerides/blood , Ubiquinone/blood , Ubiquinone/drug effects
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